{"WHO":[["ALP","Labor"],["COAL","Liberal & Nationals (the Coalition)"],["GRN","Greens"],["ON","One Nation"],["TEAL","Teal independents"]],"WHOC":{"ALP":"var(--alp)","COAL":"var(--lib)","GRN":"var(--grn)","ON":"var(--on)","TEAL":"var(--ind)"},"SRC":{"albo":["The Nightly, Aug 2025","https://thenightly.com.au/politics/australian-news-and-politics-live-albanese-says-recognition-of-palestinian-state-sends-message-on-gaza-c-19654679"],"coalPal":["The Daily Aus, Aug 2025","https://www.thedailyaus.com.au/politics/coalition-vows-to-reverse-palestinian-state-recognition"],"grnSanc":["Australian Greens, Jul 2025","https://greens.org.au/news/media-release/greens-call-albanese-government-comprehensive-sanctions-israel"],"grnRec":["Australian Greens, Aug 2025","https://greens.org.au/news/media-release/australia-finally-agrees-recognise-palestine-wont-feed-starving-or-stop-bombs"],"grnPal":["Australian Greens policy resolution, 2023","https://greens.org.au/sites/default/files/2023-06/AG%20Pal%20resolution.pdf"],"onPal":["One Nation media release, Aug 2025","https://4cminewswire.substack.com/p/2025-aug-11-media-release-senator"],"tvfy":["They Vote For You","https://theyvoteforyou.org.au/"],"onGaza":["3AW, Oct 2025","https://www.3aw.com.au/grave-concerns-why-pauline-hanson-wants-palestinian-asylum-seekers-deported/"],"coalGaza":["Women’s Agenda, Aug 2024","https://womensagenda.com.au/latest/peter-dutton-defends-call-for-temporary-visa-ban-on-people-from-gaza/"],"smot":["Wikipedia: Bezalel Smotrich","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezalel_Smotrich"],"hamas":["Wikipedia: 1988 Hamas charter","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Hamas_charter"],"bds":["Wikipedia: BDS movement","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boycott,_Divestment_and_Sanctions"],"onestate":["Wikipedia: One-state solution","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-state_solution"],"mig":["Illawarra Mercury, Oct 2026","https://www.illawarramercury.com.au/story/9363691/major-parties-all-flag-big-cuts-to-immigration-numbers/"],"migAll":["The Nightly, Oct 2026","https://thenightly.com.au/australia/coalition-immigration-policy-what-angus-taylors-migration-cuts-mean-for-you-c-22975122"],"onCap":["SBS News, Aug 2026","https://sbs.com.au/news/article/one-nation-migration-policy-130000-net-migration/zm6jbf83d"],"reply":["Money Magazine, May 2026","https://www.moneymag.com.au/budget-reply-speech-six-things-you-need-to-know"],"grnRef":["Parliamentary Budget Office: Greens refugee policy, 2025","https://www.pbo.gov.au/elections/2025-general-election/2025-election-commitments-costings/Fairness-and-compassion-people-seeking-refuge"],"grnMig":["Australian Greens, Dec 2023","https://greens.org.au/news/media-release/albaneses-migrant-bashing-reeks-desperation"],"remig":["Wikipedia: Remigration","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remigration"],"sap":["Wikipedia: Sustainable Australia Party","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_Australia_Party"],"openb":["Wikipedia: Open border","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_border"],"onNpc":["The Daily Aus, Jun 2026","https://webhooks.thedailyaus.com.au/politics/one-nation-policies"],"alp2035":["Canberra Times, Sep 2025","https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/9069307/australia-sets-2035-climate-target-of-up-to-70/"],"libNZ":["Stock & Land, Nov 2025","https://www.stockandland.com.au/story/9111192/liberals-drop-net-zero-target-by-2050-but-back-paris-agreement/"],"natNZ":["The Nightly, Nov 2025","https://thenightly.com.au/politics/nationals-vote-to-dump-net-zero-back-nuclear-power-c-20539041"],"grnCoal":["The Nightly, Apr 2025","https://www.northwesttelegraph.com.au/politics/federal-election-2025/greens-aim-to-block-new-coal-and-gas-projects-if-they-hold-balance-of-power-c-18508355"],"teal75":["Kate Chaney MP, Sep 2024","https://www.katechaney.com.au/zali-steggall-and-teals-demand-75pc-emissions-cut-target-by-2035-11-sep-2024"],"deny":["Wikipedia: Climate change denial","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_denial"],"xr":["Wikipedia: Extinction Rebellion","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction_Rebellion"],"dep5":["Prime Minister, Aug 2025","https://pm.gov.au/media/albanese-government-delivers-5-deposits-all-first-home-buyers-sooner"],"budgetTax":["Law Society Journal, May 2026","https://lsj.com.au/articles/federal-budget-2026-limits-to-negative-gearing-and-capital-gains-tax-reform/"],"grnHouse":["Greens NSW","https://greens.org.au/nsw/housing"],"superHome":["Smart Property Investment, May 2026","https://www.smartpropertyinvestment.com.au/industry/29666-super-access-for-first-homes-5bn-for-stalled-housing-projects-coalition-delivers-budget-in-reply"],"tax250":["The Nightly, May 2026","https://thenightly.com.au/politics/australian-news-and-politics-live-updates-labor-defends-broken-promises-ahead-of-federal-budget--c-22269140?page=2"],"grn2023":["Australian Greens, Apr 2023","https://greens.org.au/news/media-release/bandts-npc-address-will-lash-labor-party-property-moguls-outline-costed-plan"],"libp":["Wikipedia: Libertarian Party (Australia)","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(Australia)"],"sa":["Wikipedia: Socialist Alliance","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Alliance_(Australia)"]},"TOPICS":[{"id":"israel-palestine","t":"Israel and Palestine","q":"Should there be a Palestinian state, and how hard should Australia press Israel over the war in Gaza?","lo":"Israel keeps all the land","hi":"No Israeli state","r":[[0,"Israel annexes the occupied territories, and there is never a Palestinian state","Israel’s Religious Zionist Party (Bezalel Smotrich)","smot"],[25,"Back Israel strongly. A Palestinian state only after a negotiated peace deal","Australia’s position under both major parties before 2025"],[50,"Two states. Recognise Palestine now, keep normal ties with Israel","The UK, France, Canada and Australia in 2025"],[75,"Recognise Palestine and penalise Israel: sanctions and an arms embargo, while backing both peoples’ security"],[90,"One state for everyone, and a full boycott of Israel","The BDS movement and one-state campaigners","bds"],[100,"Israel should not exist, and armed struggle to replace it is justified","Hamas’s 1988 charter","hamas"]],"sc":{"ON":[12,"Further than the Coalition: wants recognition reversed and Palestinian asylum seekers deported. But it hasn’t called for annexation or ruled out a Palestinian state forever."],"COAL":[22,"Would reverse recognition and recognise Palestine only at the end of a peace process. Backed a temporary visa ban on people leaving Gaza in 2024."],"ALP":[50,"Recognised Palestine in 2025 and backs two states, while keeping diplomatic and trade ties with Israel."],"GRN":[75,"Recognition plus sanctions and an end to the two-way arms trade, and says Israel practises apartheid. It hasn’t called for Israel to be replaced: its policy backs both peoples living in peace and security."]},"s":{"ALP":["Announced in August 2025 that Australia would recognise a Palestinian state, alongside France, the UK and Canada.",["albo"]],"COAL":["Would reverse recognition if elected, and recognise a Palestinian state only at the end of a proper peace process. In 2024 it called for a temporary ban on visas for people leaving Gaza.",["coalPal","coalGaza"]],"GRN":["Backed recognition but says it isn’t enough. Wants sanctions on Israel and an end to the arms trade. Its policy calls for peace and security for both peoples.",["grnSanc","grnRec","grnPal"]],"ON":["Opposed recognition, saying it helps Hamas, and wants it reversed. Wants Palestinian asylum seekers deported now there is a ceasefire.",["onPal","onGaza"]],"TEAL":["No shared position. Each independent votes on their own.",["tvfy"],"none"]}},{"id":"immigration","t":"Immigration","q":"How many people should move to Australia each year, and how much does that drive housing costs?","lo":"End immigration","hi":"Open borders","r":[[0,"End immigration and deport migrants already here, including citizens (“remigration”)","Far-right identitarian groups","remig"],[15,"More people leave than arrive for several years, then a low cap"],[30,"Cut net migration to well under 100,000 a year","Sustainable Australia Party (about 70,000)","sap"],[50,"Around the long-run average: 200,000 to 250,000 a year"],[75,"A higher intake with a much bigger refugee program"],[100,"Open borders: anyone can move here","No party in an Australian parliament backs this","openb"]],"sc":{"ON":[15,"Net migration below zero for its first three years, then capped at 130,000 a year. A very large cut, but it doesn’t propose deporting people who are here legally, so it isn’t at 0."],"COAL":[32,"100,000 a year for two years, rising to 160,000 by year four, and the refugee intake halved to 10,000."],"ALP":[50,"225,000 a year from 2028, close to the long-run average."],"GRN":[72,"No overall number, but would expand the refugee intake to 50,000 places a year, end offshore detention and abolish Border Force."]},"s":{"ALP":["Would bring net migration down to 245,000 from July 2027, then 225,000 a year. Priority for construction, farming, fisheries, mining and teaching workers.",["mig","migAll"]],"COAL":["Would cut net migration to 100,000 a year for two years, rising to 160,000 in year four, then tie it to the number of new homes built. Would halve the humanitarian intake to 10,000.",["migAll","reply"]],"GRN":["Rejects blaming migrants for the housing crisis. Would expand the humanitarian intake to 50,000 places a year and end offshore detention.",["grnRef","grnMig"]],"ON":["Net migration below zero in its first three years, then a cap of 130,000 a year. Would cut temporary visa holders by more than 750,000 over three years.",["migAll","onCap"]],"TEAL":["No shared position.",[],"none"]}},{"id":"climate","t":"Climate and energy","q":"How fast should Australia cut emissions, and what should replace coal: renewables, gas or nuclear?","lo":"Scrap climate policy","hi":"End fossil fuels now","r":[[0,"Human-caused climate change isn’t real; scrap all climate policy","Climate change denial","deny"],[25,"Accept climate change, but put cost first: keep coal and gas, no binding targets"],[50,"Net zero by 2050, with gas as a bridge"],[75,"Much faster: cut 75% or more by 2035, no new coal or gas"],[100,"Reach net zero within a few years through emergency action","Extinction Rebellion’s original demand: net zero by 2025","xr"]],"sc":{"ON":[10,"Would leave the Paris Agreement and questions climate science, though it backs nuclear power in the medium term."],"COAL":[28,"Dropped net zero by 2050 but stays in the Paris Agreement. Backs new gas, longer-running coal plants and nuclear."],"ALP":[55,"62–70% cut by 2035 and net zero by 2050. Slightly faster than the halfway marker."],"TEAL":[70,"Called for a 75% cut by 2035."],"GRN":[80,"No new coal or gas projects and a faster target than Labor’s."]},"s":{"ALP":["Target to cut emissions by 62–70% by 2035, set in September 2025, with funding to help industry and households switch.",["alp2035"]],"COAL":["Dropped net zero by 2050 in November 2025 but stays in the Paris Agreement. Backs new gas, longer-running coal plants and lifting the ban on nuclear power.",["libNZ","natNZ"]],"GRN":["No new coal or gas projects. Called Labor’s 2035 target too weak.",["grnCoal","alp2035"]],"ON":["Would leave the Paris Agreement and change energy rules to favour coal and gas. Supports nuclear in the medium term.",["onNpc"]],"TEAL":["Have pushed for a 75% cut by 2035. Zali Steggall, Sophie Scamps and other teals made this call in 2024.",["teal75"]]}},{"id":"housing","t":"Housing","q":"How do we make homes cheaper to buy and rent?","lo":"Leave it to the market","hi":"Government provides housing","r":[[0,"Government steps out: sell off public housing, no rules on renting"],[25,"Market-led: cut red tape and building costs, keep investor tax breaks"],[50,"A mix: help buyers, build some public housing, trim some tax breaks"],[75,"Government-led: a big public housing build, rent caps, end investor tax breaks"],[100,"Take housing out of the market: government supplies most homes and private landlords are phased out"]],"sc":{"ON":[22,"Cheaper building through a GST pause on materials, and keeps investor tax breaks (negative gearing on up to two homes)."],"COAL":[30,"Market-led with $5 billion for roads, water and sewerage, and super for deposits. Would undo Labor’s investor tax changes."],"ALP":[55,"Deposit help for all first home buyers, plus limits on negative gearing to new builds."],"GRN":[78,"Mass public housing on public land, rent caps and an end to landlord tax breaks, though it keeps a private rental market."]},"s":{"ALP":["5% deposits for all first home buyers since October 2025. The 2026 Budget limits negative gearing to new builds and changes the capital gains discount.",["dep5","budgetTax"]],"COAL":["Would undo Labor’s negative gearing and capital gains changes, spend $5 billion on roads, water and sewerage to unlock 400,000 homes, and let first home buyers use their super.",["reply","superHome"]],"GRN":["More public housing on public land, rules on rent rises, and an end to tax breaks for landlords.",["grnHouse"]],"ON":["Would pause GST on building materials for five years and allow negative gearing on up to two homes. Opposes Labor’s capital gains changes.",["onNpc"]],"TEAL":["No shared position.",[],"none"]}},{"id":"cost-of-living","t":"Cost of living and tax","q":"What should government do about the cost of living, and who should pay more or less tax?","lo":"Smallest government, lowest tax","hi":"Heavy taxes on wealth, much bigger state","r":[[0,"Abolish income tax and most government services"],[25,"Broad tax cuts and smaller government","Libertarian Party","libp"],[50,"Roughly today’s mix, with targeted relief"],[75,"More tax on property, wealth and big business to fund more support"],[100,"Very high taxes on the rich and public ownership of major industries","Socialist parties such as Socialist Alliance","sa"]],"sc":{"ON":[25,"Cuts to fuel excise and drink taxes and a promise of 20% lower power bills."],"COAL":[30,"Indexing tax brackets to inflation and repealing Labor’s property tax changes."],"ALP":[52,"Small income tax cuts alongside limits on property tax breaks."],"GRN":[76,"Winding back property tax breaks to pay for bigger support payments."]},"s":{"ALP":["The 2026 Budget adds a $250 tax offset for workers from July 2027, alongside the property tax changes.",["tax250","budgetTax"]],"COAL":["A “Tax Back Guarantee” to index income tax thresholds to inflation: the bottom two from 2028–29, the top two from 2031–32. Would repeal Labor’s property tax changes and end tax breaks for electric vehicles.",["reply"]],"GRN":["Its 2023 plan doubled Commonwealth Rent Assistance, paid for by winding back property tax breaks.",["grn2023"]],"ON":["Promises to cut power bills by 20%, halve fuel excise for three years and drop the tax on drinks served at venues.",["onNpc"]],"TEAL":["No shared position.",[],"none"]}}]}